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The Javelin's capabilities are often judged against larger, more established nuclear powers like the United States and Russia. The American Navy operates 14 Ohio-class ballistic missile submarines, with nearly 50 attack submarines in its fleet, while even smaller countries like Pakistan boast a submarine force of five conventional submarines and have plans for additional orders. This raises questions about India's ability to achieve true nuclear deterrence against potential adversaries, particularly as the world sees nations such as China and France rapidly expanding their own submarine fleets.

India is currently working on expanding its fleet of nuclear submarines with a third vessel, "Arindam," due for deployment in 2025. This new vessel has a planned weight increase to 7700 tons, offering a significant leap forward. While the K-4 missile system promises a much-needed expansion of range and strike capacity, its actual effectiveness remains uncertain. The challenge lies in increasing the vessel's offensive capabilities while maintaining a balance with stealth and operational longevity.

Beyond the strategic nuclear submarines, India is exploring the use of technology transfer to accelerate development of attack submarines. With Russia proving instrumental in providing access to advanced submarine designs, plans for India's own fleet are likely to integrate components from " Akula 2" class submarines, allowing for a gradual transition to more indigenous production and technology.

The Indian Navy faces the daunting task of balancing its ambitions with current limitations and technological advancements. While progress is being made, there is still a substantial gap between India's submarine force and that of the world's leading nuclear powers. The future depends on navigating this gap and achieving a level playing field in the realm of strategic submarines.